In the vast tapestry of human history, power structures have always played a pivotal role in shaping societies, cultures, and individuals. While overt oppression often sparks resistance and rebellion, a more insidious form of control operates beneath the surface: the internalisation of oppressive power structures. This phenomenon ensures that the chains of oppression are not just external but deeply embedded within our psyche, influencing our thoughts, behaviours, and self-perceptions.
The mechanics of internalisation
Social conditioning: From a young age, we are surrounded by societal norms and expectations. These norms often reflect the interests of dominant groups, whether based on race, gender, class, or other axes of power. Through institutions like schools, media, and even family units, we are conditioned to accept certain hierarchies and roles. For instance, traditional gender roles are perpetuated through toys, stories, and societal expectations, teaching boys to be assertive and girls to be nurturing. Over time, these external messages become internal beliefs.
Reinforcement through systems: Institutions such as education, religion, and the workplace reinforce power structures by rewarding conformity and punishing deviation. A student who challenges the status quo might be labelled as disruptive, while a woman who asserts herself in a male-dominated workplace may be deemed aggressive. These responses serve as a feedback loop, discouraging individuals from stepping outside predefined roles and further entrenching oppressive norms within their consciousness.
Fear of repercussions: Fear is a powerful tool of control. Fear of being socially ostracised, economic consequences, or even physical harm can compel individuals to conform to oppressive structures. This fear is not always overt; often, it operates at a subconscious level, influencing decisions and actions without explicit awareness. This leads to self-policing behaviours where individuals regulate their own actions to avoid perceived negative consequences.
The myth of meritocracy: The pervasive belief in meritocracy—the idea that success is solely the result of individual effort and ability—serves to mask systemic inequalities. This myth convinces individuals that their struggles are due to personal failings rather than structural barriers. It fosters a sense of shame and inadequacy, keeping people from questioning the systems that disadvantage them.
The impact on individuals and communities
Erosion of self-worth: Internalising oppressive power structures can lead to a profound erosion of self-worth. Individuals may feel inherently inferior or undeserving of better opportunities and treatment. This diminished self-esteem can stifle ambition, creativity, and the ability to advocate for oneself, leading to a self-fulfilling cycle of limitation and marginalisation.
Perpetuation of inequality: When oppressed individuals internalise their subjugation, they inadvertently perpetuate the very systems that oppress them. By accepting and reinforcing these power structures, consciously or unconsciously, they contribute to the maintenance of the status quo. This phenomenon is particularly evident in the ways marginalised communities can sometimes police themselves, upholding norms that restrict their own potential.
Interpersonal relationships: Internalised oppression can strain interpersonal relationships, as individuals project their insecurities and frustrations onto others. This can manifest as lateral oppression, where members of marginalised groups enforce oppressive norms on each other. It can also lead to conflicts within families and communities, as differing levels of internalisation create tensions and misunderstandings.
Stay tuned for our next post, where we'll explore ways to break free from these internal chains and reclaim our self-worth.
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